When you visit an airport, you might notice large buildings housing aircraft of various shapes and sizes. These structures, called airport hangars, play a critical role in aviation, but not many people outside the industry know just how important they are, or how many types there are.
Even if you are a student, aviation Expert, property investor, or just someone curious about how airports work, this beginner-friendly guide will help you understand the types of airport hangars, their uses, and what makes them essential to aviation safety and efficiency.
What Is an Airport Hangar?
An airport hangar is a large structure used to house aircraft when they are not in use. Hangars protect airplanes from weather damage, theft, and general wear and tear.
They are used for a variety of purposes, including:
- Aircraft storage
- Maintenance and repair
- Assembly and manufacturing
- Shelter during storms or extreme weather
Unlike typical garages or warehouses, hangars are designed to handle the unique requirements of aircraft, including large wingspans, tall tails, and sensitive components.
Why Hangars Matter:
It is important to understand why hangars are such an integral part of aviation infrastructure:
- Protection from the elements: Aircraft are expensive. Exposure to rain, snow, UV rays, and temperature extremes can degrade materials and electronics.
- Security: Hangars provide a secure environment that deters theft and vandalism.
- Compliance: Many airports and airfields require aircraft to be stored in designated hangars for insurance and regulatory reasons.
- Maintenance space: Technicians use hangars to inspect and repair aircraft in a controlled environment.
7 Main Types of Airport Hangars
Now, let us list and explain the main types of airport hangars. Each type is designed with specific needs in mind, from private aviation to large-scale commercial operations.
1. T-Hangars
T-hangars are among the most common types of aircraft hangars, especially at small to medium-sized airports.
The name comes from their shape,like the letter “T” which accommodates the typical shape of a small aircraft: wide wings and a narrow tail.
Features:
- Compact and space-efficient
- Typically arranged in rows (nested or standard)
- Often rented by private pilots or hobbyists
Pros:
- Affordable
- Good space optimization
- Offers individual, enclosed units
Cons:
- Not suitable for larger aircraft
- Limited access and visibility
2. Box Hangars (or Rectangular Hangars)
Box hangars are simple rectangular buildings that offer a flexible and open interior. They can be small enough for a single aircraft or large enough to store several.
Features:
- Open floor plan
- Customizable interiors
- Room for office or maintenance space
Pros:
- Versatile and customizable
- Good for businesses and small operators
- Easier access for aircraft
Cons:
- Takes up more land than T-hangars
- Higher construction cost
3. Clear Span Hangars
Clear span hangars are large, open-span structures without internal support columns. This allows for maximum usable interior space, which is essential for accommodating wide-body jets and large military aircraft.
Features:
- No columns or beams inside
- Large door openings (sliding or hydraulic)
- Designed for high-traffic and high-capacity use
Pros:
- Ideal for maintenance and large aircraft storage
- Can be equipped with cranes and heavy-duty equipment
- Offers maximum flexibility
Cons:
- Very expensive to build and maintain
- Requires reinforced foundations
4. Fabric Hangars
Fabric hangars use a steel frame covered in industrial-grade fabric. These are lightweight, quick to install, and cost-effective.
Features:
- UV- and weather-resistant fabric
- Quick assembly/disassembly
- Often used for temporary operations or emergencies
Pros:
- Cost-effective
- Flexible and portable
- Suitable for short-term use
Cons:
- Less durable than steel or concrete structures
- Limited lifespan
5. Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul (MRO) Hangars
MRO hangars are custom-designed to accommodate tools, workstations, storage, and safety systems needed for full-scale aircraft repair. They often include amenities like lifts, inspection pits, and fire suppression systems.
Features:
- Specialized equipment
- Lighting and ventilation designed for mechanical work
- Fire safety and fuel handling protocols
Pros:
- Meets strict industry regulations
- Provides safe, controlled environment for technicians
- Increases aircraft lifespan
Cons:
- High operating costs
- Requires trained personnel and regulatory compliance
6. Corporate Hangars
Corporate hangars are built to house business jets or private aircraft used by companies and wealthy individuals. These hangars often include luxury features such as private lounges, offices, and security zones.
Features:
- Aesthetic design
- Integrated office space
- High-level security
Pros:
- Tailored to corporate needs
- Can reflect brand identity
- Offers privacy and prestige
Cons:
- Expensive to build
- Limited scalability for large fleets
7. Military Hangars
Military hangars are often built to higher standards of durability and security. They can include blast-resistant materials, camouflage roofing, and electronic shielding.
Features:
- Reinforced materials
- Access control and surveillance
- May house multiple aircraft types
Pros:
- High-level security
- Designed for mission readiness
- Equipped for emergencies
Cons:
- Not accessible to the public
- Complex construction and zoning laws
How Hangars Are Chosen and Built
Airport planners and developers consider several factors when deciding which type of hangar to build:
- Aircraft size and type
- Local climate
- Budget
- Available land
- Purpose (storage, maintenance, commercial use)
They also need to follow building codes, aviation regulations, and environmental laws. For example, hangars near coastal areas must resist hurricanes, while those in snowy regions need high-load roofs.
Hangar Doors: A Key Feature
Different hangar types use different door systems, including:
- Sliding doors – Common and simple
- Bi-fold doors – Fold in the middle and lift upward
- Hydraulic doors – Operated by hydraulic cylinders
- Vertical lift doors – Open like a garage door
Trends in Modern Hangar Design
Modern airport hangars are evolving with technology:
- Sustainable materials – Green construction reduces environmental impact
- Energy-efficient systems – Solar panels, LED lighting, and HVAC improvements
- Smart hangars – Integrated systems that use sensors and automation.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. How much does it cost to build an airport hangar?
Costs can range from $50,000 for a small T-hangar to millions for large commercial or military hangars, depending on size, materials, and location.
2. Can private pilots own hangars?
Yes. Many private pilots lease or even buy hangars at municipal airports or private airparks.
3. What’s the difference between a hangar and a terminal?
A hangar is for aircraft storage and maintenance, while a terminal is for passenger services and boarding.
4. Are hangars heated or air-conditioned?
Some are, especially MRO and corporate hangars. However, not all hangars have climate control, especially in milder climates.
